What common condition among older adults contributes to the reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection?

The reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection in older adults is significantly influenced by age, particularly being over 65. As individuals age, their immune systems tend to weaken, making them more vulnerable to infections, including tuberculosis. While latent TB can remain dormant for many years, age-related declines in immune function—such as reduced T-cell activity and overall immune response—can facilitate the reactivation of the bacteria if they are present in the body.

Older adults often have other health conditions that contribute to this risk, but age itself is a primary factor. Consequently, understanding the impact of aging on the immune response is crucial in addressing the risk of tuberculosis reactivation in nursing home settings and among older populations generally.