What risk factors are associated with Legionella infection?

Legionella infection, which causes Legionnaires' disease, is primarily associated with certain risk factors that increase susceptibility to the bacteria. Age is a significant risk factor, as older adults are more likely to have a compromised immune system and other underlying health issues. Chronic lung disease also plays a critical role, given that individuals with respiratory conditions are more vulnerable to infections due to impaired lung function and reduced ability to clear pathogens from the respiratory tract.

This understanding is crucial in infection prevention, particularly in settings like nursing homes where the population is typically older and may have other health complications. Implementing preventive measures, such as monitoring and maintaining water systems to prevent contamination, becomes especially important in protecting these at-risk individuals.

The other options do not align with the established risk factors for Legionella infection. For instance, exposure to contaminated food is primarily associated with different types of infections, whereas high cholesterol levels and job-related stress are not recognized as direct risk factors linked to Legionella.